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Water Chemistry

pH, Hardness, Dissolved minerals

Articles about dissolved minerals, buffers, hardness, alkalinity, pH, CO2, and that ilk are kept in their own section. R/O and Deionizer info can be found in the Plumbing and Filtration section. Information on practical pH-reducing methods is also available in the Apisto section.

• pH probes
• Humic Acids

Nutrients and the Nitrogen Cycle

See the fertilizer section for articles about fertilizers and soil chemistry.

• Water Changes
• Starter Bacteria (allegedly avoids initial cycling of new tanks)
• Ammonia Toxicity: an article by Neil Frank, and discussions
• Nitrate
• Phosphate
• Iron

Other Chemistry

• Test Kits
• Chlorine, Chloramine, and chemicals to remove it.
• Activated Carbon, Drinking Water Filters
  (also see Shawn Keslar's activated carbon experiments in the Plant Fertilizer section).
• Salt
• Oxygen
• Redox Potential
• Conductivity
• Malachite Green
• Lead (toxic at low pH)
• General Disinfectants (see also the ALGAE section for more).
• Ultraviolet (UV) Sterilization

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